The threefold way to quantum periods: WKB, TBA equations and q-Painlev\'e

arXiv2207.07135MaRDI QIDQ6405022FDOQ6405022

Fabrizio Del Monte, Pietro Longhi

Publication date: 14 July 2022

Abstract: We show that TBA equations defined by the BPS spectrum of $5d$ $mathcalN=1$ $SU(2)$ Yang-Mills on $S^{1}imesmathbb{R}^4$ encode the q-Painlev'e III${}_3$ equation. We find a fine-tuned stratum in the physical moduli space of the theory where solutions to TBA equations can be obtained exactly, and verify that they agree with the algebraic solutions to q-Painlev'e. Switching from the physical moduli space to that of stability conditions, we identify a one-parameter deformation of the fine-tuned stratum, where the general solution of the q-Painlev'e equation in terms of dual instanton partition functions continues to provide explicit TBA solutions. Motivated by these observations, we propose a further extensions of the range of validity of this correspondence, under a suitable identification of moduli. As further checks of our proposal, we study the behavior of exact WKB quantum periods for the quantum curve of local $mathbb{P}^{1}imesmathbb{P}^1$.

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