Periodic points of rational functions of large degree over finite fields

MaRDI QIDQ6409073zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Derek Garton

Publication date 28 August 2022

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Polynomials over finite fields (11T06) Arithmetic properties of periodic points (37P35) Arithmetic and non-Archimedean dynamical systems involving polynomial and rational maps (37P05) Galois theory and commutative ring extensions (13B05) Dynamical systems over finite ground fields (37P25)

Abstract: For any $q$ a prime power, $j$ a positive integer, and $phi$ a rational function with coefficients in $mathbb{F}_{q^j}$, let $P_{q,j}(phi)$ be the proportion of $mathbb{P}^1(mathbb{F}_{q^j})$ that is periodic with respect to $phi$. Now suppose that $d$ is an integer greater than 1. We show that if $gcd(q,d!)=1$, then as $j$ increases the expected value of $P_{q,j}(phi)$, as $phi$ ranges over rational functions of degree $d$, tends to 0. This theorem generalizes our previous work, which held only for polynomials, and only when $d=2$. To deduce this result, we prove a uniformity theorem on specializations of dynamical systems of rational functions with coefficients in certain finitely-generated algebras over residually finite Dedekind domains. This specialization theorem generalizes our previous work, which held only for algebras of dimension one.

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