A model for an operator in an annulus

Publication date 1 September 2022

Abstract: A bounded Hilbert space operator

T

for which the closure of an annulus [ mathbb{A}_r={z : r<|z|<1} subseteq mathbb{C} (0<r<1) ] is a spectral set is called an

m a t h b b A_{r}

- extit{contraction}. A normal operator

N

whose spectrum lies on the boundary of

m a t h b b A_{r}

, i.e. on

m a t h b b T c u p r m a t h b b T

is called an

m a t h b b A_{r}

- extit{unitary}, where

m a t h b b T

is the unit circle in the complex plain

m a t h b b C

. Every rational function

f

with poles off

o v e r l i n e {m a t h b b A}_{r}

can be represented as �egin{equation}label{eq:1} f(z)=frac{p(z)}{q_1(z)q_2(z)}, , end{equation} where

p, q_{1}

and

q_{2}

are polynomials such that the zeroes of

q_{1}

and

q_{2}

lie in

m a t h b b C s e t m i n u s o v e r l i n e m a t h b b D

and

r m a t h b b D

respectively,

m a t h b b D

being the unit disk in

m a t h b b C

. A celebrated theorem due to Agler states that every

m a t h b b A_{r}

-contraction dilates to an

m a t h b b A_{r}

-unitary, i.e. for every

m a t h b b A_{r}

-contraction

T i n m a t h c a l B (m a t h c a l H)

, there is a Hilbert space

m a t h c a l K s u p s e t e q m a t h c a l H

and an

m a t h b b A_{r}

-unitary

N i n m a t h c a l B (m a t h c a l K)

such that [ f(T)=P_mathcal H �igg(p(N)q_1(N)^{-1}q_2(N)^{-1}�igg) �igg|_mathcal H ] for every rational function

f

with poles off

o v e r l i n e {m a t h b b A}_{r}

(as in ( ef{eq:1})). In this short note, we find a characterization for the

m a t h b b A_{r}

-unitaries and with the help of that and by an application of Ando's dilation we find an alternative model for

f (T)

. We show that in addition there is a self-adjoint unitary

F

in

m a t h c a l B (m a t h c a l K)

such that [ f(T)=P_mathcal H �igg(p(N)q_1(N)^{-1}q_2(FNF)^{-1}�igg) �igg|_mathcal H. ]

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