Uniqueness of positive solutions to elliptic equations with the critical exponential growth on the unit disc and its applications

arXiv2210.16999MaRDI QIDQ6415575FDOQ6415575

Authors: Lu Chen, Guozhen Lu, Ying Xue, Maochun Zhu 

Publication date: 30 October 2022

Abstract: In this paper, we will solve this uniqueness problem of positive solutions to the following equations of exponential growth: �egin{equation*} �egin{cases} -Delta u =lambda ue^{u^2},quadquad & xin B_1subset mathbb{R}^2,\ u>0, & xin B_1, \ u=0,quadquad &xin partial B_1, end{cases} end{equation*} where $0<lambda<lambd{a}_1(B_1)$ and $lambd{a}_1(B_1)$ denotes the first eigenvalue of the operator $-Delta$ with the Dirichlet boundary in unit disk. Our method relies on delicate and difficult analysis of radial solutions to the above equation and careful asymptotic expansion of solutions near the boundary. This uniqueness result will shed some light on solving the conjecture that maximizers of the Trudinger-Moser inequality on the unit disc are unique. Furthermore, based on this uniqueness result, we develop a new strategy to establish the quantization property of elliptic equations with the critical exponential growth in the balls of hyperbolic spaces, and obtain the multiplicity and non-existence of positive critical points for super-critical Trudinger-Moser functional. Our method for the quantization property and non-existence of the critical points avoids using the complicated blow-up analysis used in the literature. This method can also be applied to study the similar problems in balls of high dimensional Euclidean space $mathbb{R}^n$ or hyperbolic spaces provided the uniqueness for the corresponding quasilinear elliptic equations with the critical exponential growth is established.

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