Exceptional theta functions and arithmeticity of modular forms on G₂

arXiv2211.05280MaRDI QIDQ6416751FDOQ6416751

Publication date: 9 November 2022

Abstract: We define ``exceptional theta functions" on

m a t h r m {S p}_{6}

and split

G_{2}

. In the case of

m a t h r m {S p}_{6}

, these are level one, holomorphic vector-valued Siegel modular forms, with explicit Fourier expansions, that are the theta lifts from algebraic modular forms on anisotropic

G_{2}

for the dual pair

m a t h r m {S p}_{6} i m e s G_{2}^{a} s u b s e t e q E_{7, 3}

. In the case of split

G_{2}

, our exceptional theta functions are level one quaternionic modular forms, with explicit Fourier expansions, that are the theta lifts from algebraic modular forms on anistropic

F_{4}

for the dual pair

G_{2} i m e s F_{4}^{I} s u b s e t e q E_{8, 4}

. As consequences of this theory of exceptional theta functions, we obtain the following corollaries: 1) there is an algorithm to determine if any cuspidal, level one Siegel modular form on

m a t h r m {S p}_{6}

of most weights is a lift from

G_{2}^{a}

; 2) the level one theta lifts from

F_{4}^{I}

possess an integral structure, in the sense of Fourier coefficients; 3) in every even weight

k g e q 6

, there is a nonzero, level one Hecke eigen quaternionic cusp form on split

G_{2}

with nonzero

m a t h b f Z i m e s m a t h b f Z i m e s m a t h b f Z

Fourier coefficient. We also obtain evidence for a conjecture of Gross relating Fourier coefficients of certain

G_{2}

quaternionic modular forms to

L

-values.

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