Coronated polyhedra and coronated ANRs

arXiv2211.09951MaRDI QIDQ6417652FDOQ6417652

Authors: Sergey A. Melikhov 

Publication date: 17 November 2022

Abstract: Locally compact separable metrizable spaces are characterized among all metrizable spaces as those that admit a cofinal sequence $K_{1}subset{K}_{2}subsetcdots$ of compact subsets. Their v{C}ech cohomology is well-understood due to Petkova's short exact sequence $0oli{m}^1{H}^{n-1}(K_i)o{H}^n(X)olim{H}^n(K_i)o0$. We study a dual class of spaces. We call a metrizable space $X$ a "coronated polyhedron" if it contains a compactum $K$ such that $XsetminusK$ is a polyhedron. These include, apart from compacta and polyhedra, spaces such as the topologist's sine curve (or the Warsaw circle) and the comb (=comb-and-flea) space. The complement of every locally compact subset of $S^n$ is a coronated polyhedron. We prove that a metrizable space $X$ is a coronated polyhedron if and only if it admits a countable polyhedral resolution; or, equivalently, a sequential polyhedral resolution $dotso{R}_{2}o{R}_1$. In the latter case, we establish a short exact sequence $0oli{m}^1{H}_{n+1}(R_i)o{H}_n(X)olim{H}_n(R_i)o0$ for Steenrod-Sitnikov homology and also for any (extraordinary) homology theory satisfying Milnor's axioms of map excision and $prod$-additivity. We also show that such homology theories are invariants of strong shape for coronated polyhedra. On the other hand, Quigley's short exact sequence $0oli{m}^{1}p{i}_{n+1}(R_i)op{i}_n(X)olimp{i}_n(R_i)o0$ for Steenrod homotopy of compacta fails for Steenrod-Sitnikov homotopy of coronated polyhedra, at least when $n=0$.

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