Obstructions for the existence of separating morphisms and totally real pencils

MaRDI QIDQ6419013zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Matilde Manzaroli

Publication date 30 November 2022

Abstract: It goes back to Ahlfors that a real algebraic curve $C$ admits a separating morphism $f$ to the complex projective line if and only if the real part of the curve disconnects its complex part, i.e. the curve is separating. The degree of such $f$ is bounded from below by the number $l$ of connected components of $mathbbRC$. The sharpness of this bound is not a priori clear. We prove that real algebraic separating curves, embedded in some ambient surface and with $l$ bounded in a certain way, do not admit separating morphisms of lowest possible degree. Moreover, this result of non-existence can be applied to show that certain real separating plane curves of degree $d$, do not admit totally real pencils of curves of degree $k$ such that $kdleql$. Finally, we construct an explicit family of real separating plane curves of increasing degree $2s+1$ such that each member of the family does not admit totally real pencils of curves of degree lower or equal to $frac{s}^2+12s+1$.

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