Finite idempotent set-theoretic solutions of the Yang--Baxter equation

arXiv2212.07361MaRDI QIDQ6420545FDOQ6420545

Ilaria Colazzo, Arne van Antwerpen, Eric Jespers, Charlotte Verwimp, Łukasz Kubat

Publication date: 14 December 2022

Abstract: It is proven that finite idempotent left non-degenerate set-theoretic solutions $(X,r)$ of the Yang-Baxter equation on a set $X$ are determined by a left simple semigroup structure on $X$ (in particular, a finite union of isomorphic copies of a group) and some maps $q$ and $varph{i}_x$ on $X$, for $xinX$. This structure turns out to be a group precisely when the associated structure monoid is cancellative and all the maps $varph{i}_x$ are equal to an automorphism of this group. Equivalently, the structure algebra $K[M(X,r)]$ is right Noetherian, or in characteristic zero it has to be semiprime. The structure algebra always is a left Noetherian representable algebra of Gelfand--Kirillov dimension one. To prove these results it is shown that the structure semigroup $S(X,r)$ has a decomposition in finitely many cancellative semigroups $S_u$ indexed by the diagonal, each $S_u$ has a group of quotients $G_u$ that is finite-by-(infinite cyclic) and the union of these groups carries the structure of a left simple semigroup. The case that $X$ equals the diagonal is fully described by a single permutation on $X$.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ordinary and skew polynomial rings and semigroup rings (16S36) Yang-Baxter equations (16T25) Semigroup rings, multiplicative semigroups of rings (20M25) Actions of groups and semigroups; invariant theory (associative rings and algebras) (16W22)

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