Hamiltonian representation of isomonodromic deformations of twisted rational connections: The Painlev\'{e} 1 hierarchy

arXiv2302.13905MaRDI QIDQ6427802FDOQ6427802

Authors: Olivier Marchal, Mohamad Alameddine 

Publication date: 27 February 2023

Abstract: In this paper, we build the Hamiltonian system and the corresponding Lax pairs associated to a twisted connection in $mathfrak{gl}_2(mathbbC)$ admitting an irregular and ramified pole at infinity of arbitrary degree, hence corresponding to the Painlev'{e} $1$ hierarchy. We provide explicit formulas for these Lax pairs and Hamiltonians in terms of the irregular times and standard $2g$ Darboux coordinates associated to the twisted connection. Furthermore, we obtain a map that reduces the space of irregular times to only $g$ non-trivial isomonodromic deformations. In addition, we perform a symplectic change of Darboux coordinates to obtain a set of symmetric Darboux coordinates in which Hamiltonians and Lax pairs are polynomial. Finally, we apply our general theory to the first cases of the hierarchy: the Airy case $(g=0)$, the Painlev'{e} $1$ case $(g=1)$ and the next two elements of the Painlev'{e} $1$ hierarchy.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Painlevé and other special ordinary differential equations in the complex domain; classification, hierarchies (34M55) Isomonodromic deformations for ordinary differential equations in the complex domain (34M56) Moduli and deformations for ordinary differential equations (e.g., Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation) (32G34)

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