Ill-posedness of the two-dimensional stationary Navier--Stokes equations on the whole plane

arXiv2304.08367MaRDI QIDQ6433377FDOQ6433377

Authors: Mikihiro Fujii 

Publication date: 17 April 2023

Abstract: We consider the two-dimensional stationary Navier--Stokes equations on the whole plane $mathbb{R}^2$. In the higher-dimensional cases $mathbb{R}^n$ with $ngeqslant3$, the well-posedness and ill-posedness in scaling critical spaces are well-investigated by numerous papers. However, despite the attention of many researchers, the corresponding problem in the two-dimensional whole plane case was a long-standing open problem due to inherent difficulties of two-dimensional analysis. The aim of this paper is to address this issue and prove the ill-posedness in the scaling critical Besov spaces based on $L^p(mathbb{R}^2)$ for all $1leqslantpleqslant2$ in the sense of the discontinuity of the solution map and the non-existence of small solutions. To overcome the difficulty, we propose a new method based on the contradictory argument that reduces the problem to the analysis of the corresponding nonstationary Navier--Stokes equations and shows the existence of nonstationary solutions with strange large time behavior, if we suppose to contrary that the stationary problem is well-posed.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Navier-Stokes equations (35Q30) Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible viscous fluids (76D05) Ill-posed problems for PDEs (35R25) Harmonic analysis and PDEs (42B37)

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