Minimal models, modular linear differential equations and modular forms of fractional weights

arXiv2304.11506MaRDI QIDQ6433993FDOQ6433993

Authors: Kiyokazu Nagatomo, Yuichi Sakai 

Publication date: 22 April 2023

Abstract: We show that modular forms of fractional weights on principal congruence subgroups of odd levels, which are found by T. Ibukiyama, naturally appear as characters being multiplied $et{a}^{c_{exteff}}$ of the so-called minimal models of type $(2,p)$, where $c_{exteff}$ is the effective central charge of a minimal model. Using this fact and modular invariance property of the space of characters, we give a different proof of the result showned by Ibukiyama that is the explicit formula representing $mathrm{SL}_2(mathbbZ)$ on the space of the ibukiyama modular forms. We also find several pairs of spaces of the Ibukiyama modular forms on $Gamma(m)$ and $Gamma(n)$ with $m|n$ having the property that the former are included in the latter. Finally, we construct vector-valued modular forms of weight $kinfrac15mathbb{Z}_{>0}$ starting from the Ibukiyama modular forms of weight $kinfrac15mathbb{Z}_{>0}$ with some multiplier system by a symmetric tensor product of this representation and show that the components functions coincides with the solution space of some monic modular linear differential equation of weight $k$ and the order $1+5k$.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Holomorphic modular forms of integral weight (11F11) Forms of half-integer weight; nonholomorphic modular forms (11F37) Vertex operators; vertex operator algebras and related structures (17B69) Linear ordinary differential equations and systems (34A30)

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