Structure algebras of finite set-theoretic solutions of the Yang--Baxter equation

arXiv2305.06023MaRDI QIDQ6436074FDOQ6436074

Eric Jespers, Ilaria Colazzo, Łukasz Kubat, Arne van Antwerpen

Publication date: 10 May 2023

Abstract: Algebras related to finite bijective or idempotent left non-degenerate solutions $(X,r)$ of the Yang--Baxter equation have been intensively studied. These are the monoid algebras $K[M(X,r)]$ and $K[A(X,r)]$, over a field $K$, of its structure monoid $M(X,r)$ and left derived structure monoid $A(X,r)$, which have quadratic defining relations. In this paper we deal with arbitrary finite left non-degenerate solutions $(X,r)$. Via divisibility by generators, i.e., the elements of $X$, we construct an ideal chain in $M(X,r)$ that has very strong algebraic structural properties on its Rees factors. This allows to obtain characterizations of when the algebras $K[M(X,r)]$ and $K[A(X,r)]$ are left or right Noetherian. Intricate relationships between ring-theoretical and homological properties of these algebras and properties of the solution $(X,r)$ are proven, which extends known results on bijective non-degenerate solutions. Furthermore, we describe the cancellative congruences of $A(X,r)$ and $M(X,r)$ as well as the prime spectrum of $K[A(X,r)]$. This then leads to an explicit formula for the Gelfand--Kirillov dimension of $K[M(X,r)]$ in terms of the number of orbits in $X$ under actions of certain finite monoids derived from $(X,r)$. It is also shown that the former coincides with the classical Krull dimension of $K[M(X,r)]$ in case the algebra $K[M(X,r)]$ is left or right Noetherian. Finally, we obtain the first structural results for a class of finite degenerate solutions $(X,r)$ of the form $r(x,y)=(lambd{a}_x(y),ho(y))$ by showing that structure algebras of such solution are always right Noetherian.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Prime and semiprime associative rings (16N60) Noetherian rings and modules (associative rings and algebras) (16P40) Ordinary and skew polynomial rings and semigroup rings (16S36) Quadratic and Koszul algebras (16S37) Yang-Baxter equations (16T25) Semiprime p.i. rings, rings embeddable in matrices over commutative rings (16R20)

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