Weighted Sobolev space theory for non-local elliptic and parabolic equations with non-zero exterior condition on C^{1,1} open sets

MaRDI QIDQ6436704zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Kyeong-Hun Kim, Junhee Ryu

Publication date 15 May 2023

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) Initial-boundary value problems for PDEs with pseudodifferential operators (35S16) Integro-differential operators (47G20)

Abstract: We introduce a weighted Sobolev space theory for the non-local elliptic equation ${\displaystyle }$ Delta^{alpha/2}u=f, quad xin D,; quad u|_{overline{D}^c}=g ${\displaystyle }$ as well as for the non-local parabolic equation ${\displaystyle }$ u_t=Delta^{alpha/2}u+f, quad t>0,, xin D ,; quad u(0,cdot)|_D=u_0, ,u|_{(0,T) imes overline{D}^c}=g. ${\displaystyle }$ Here, $alphain(0,2)$ and $D$ is a $C^{1,1}$ open set. We prove uniqueness and existence results in weighted Sobolev spaces. We measure the Sobolev and H"older regularities of arbitrary order derivatives of solutions using a system of weights consisting of appropriate powers of the distance to the boundary. One of the most interesting features of our results is that, unlike the classical result in Sobolev spaces without weights, the weighted regularities of solutions in $D$ are barely affected by those of $g$ in $overline{D}^c$. For instance, even if $g=delt{a}_{x_0}$, the dirac delta distribution concentrated at $x_{0}inoverline{D}^c$, the solution to the elliptic equation given with $f=0$ is infinitely differentiable in $D$, and for any $k=0,1,2,3,cdots$, $varepsilon>0$, and $deltain(0,1)$, it holds that ${\displaystyle }$ |d_x^{-frac{alpha}{2}+varepsilon+k}D^k_xu|_{C(D)} +|d_x^{-frac{alpha}{2}+varepsilon+k+delta} D^k_xu|_{C^{delta}(D)}<infty, ${\displaystyle }$ where $d_x=dist(x,partialD)$.

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