The toric ring of one dimensional simplicial complexes

Abstract: Let

D e l t a

be a 1-dimensional simplicial complex. Then

D e l t a

may be identified with a finite simple graph

G

. In this article, we investigate the toric ring

R_{G}

of

G

. All graphs

G

such that

R_{G}

is a normal domain are classified. For such a graph, we determine the set

m a t h c a l P_{G}

of height one monomial prime ideals of

R_{G}

. In the bipartite case, and in the case of whiskered cycles, this set is explicitly described. As a consequence, we determine the canonical class

[o m e g a_{R_{G}}]

and characterize the Gorenstein property of

R_{G}

. For a bipartite graph

G

, we show that

R_{G}

is Gorenstein if and only if

G

is unmixed. For a subclass of non-bipartite graphs

G

, which includes whiskered cycles,

R_{G}

is Gorenstein if and only if

G

is unmixed and has an odd number of vertices. Finally, it is proved that

R_{G}

is a pseudo-Gorenstein ring if

G

is an odd cycle.

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