On a question of Erd\H{o}s on doubly stochastic matrices

MaRDI QIDQ6439711zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Ludovick Bouthat, Javad Mashreghi, Frédéric Morneau-Guérin

Publication date 8 June 2023

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Determinants, permanents, traces, other special matrix functions (15A15) Stochastic matrices (15B51)

Abstract: In a celebrated paper of Marcus and Ree (1959), it was shown that if $A=[a_{ij}]$ is an $nimesn$ doubly stochastic matrix, then there is a permutation $sigmain{S}_n$ such that $su{m}_{i,j=1}^n{a}_{i,j}^{2}leqsu{m}_{i=1}^n{a}_{i,sigma(i)}$. ErdH{o}s asked for which doubly stochastic matrices the inequality is saturated. Although Marcus and Ree provided some insight for the set of solutions, the question appears to have fallen into oblivion. Our goal is to provide a complete answer in the particular, yet non-trivial, case when $n=3$.

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