Invariant measures on p-adic Lie groups: the p-adic quaternion algebra and the Haar integral on the p-adic rotation groups

DOI10.1007/S11005-024-01826-8arXiv2306.07110MaRDI QIDQ6440035FDOQ6440035

Authors: Paolo Aniello, Sonia L'Innocente, Stefano Mancini, Andreas Winter 

Publication date: 12 June 2023

Abstract: We provide a general expression of the Haar measure $-$ that is, the essentially unique translation-invariant measure $-$ on a $p$-adic Lie group. We then argue that this measure can be regarded as the measure naturally induced by the invariant volume form on the group, as it happens for a standard Lie group over the reals. As an important application, we next consider the problem of determining the Haar measure on the $p$-adic special orthogonal groups in dimension two, three and four (for every prime number $p$). In particular, the Haar measure on $mathrmSO(2,mathbb{Q}_p)$ is obtained by a direct application of our general formula. As for $mathrmSO(3,mathbb{Q}_p)$ and $mathrmSO(4,mathbb{Q}_p)$, instead, we show that Haar integrals on these two groups can conveniently be lifted to Haar integrals on certain $p$-adic Lie groups from which the special orthogonal groups are obtained as quotients. This construction involves a suitable quaternion algebra over the field $mathbb{Q}_p$ and is reminiscent of the quaternionic realization of the real rotation groups. Our results should pave the way to the development of harmonic analysis on the $p$-adic special orthogonal groups, with potential applications in $p$-adic quantum mechanics and in the recently proposed $p$-adic quantum information theory.

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