On the intersection spectrum of \operatorname{PSL}_2(q)

MaRDI QIDQ6440173zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Angelot Behajaina, Roghayeh Maleki, A. Sarobidy Razafimahatratra

Publication date 13 June 2023

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Extremal problems in graph theory (05C35) Vertex subsets with special properties (dominating sets, independent sets, cliques, etc.) (05C69) General theory for finite permutation groups (20B05) Combinatorial aspects of groups and algebras (05E16)

Abstract: Given a group $G$ and a subgroup $HleqG$, a set $mathcalFsubsetG$ is called $H$emph{-intersecting} if for any $g,g^{\prime }inmathcalF$, there exists $xHinG/H$ such that $gxH=g^{\prime }xH$. The emph{intersection density} of the action of $G$ on $G/H$ by (left) multiplication is the rational number $ho(G,H)$, equal to the maximum ratio $frac|mathcalF||H|$, where $mathcalFsubsetG$ runs through all $H$-intersecting sets of $G$. The emph{intersection spectrum} of the group $G$ is then defined to be the set ${\displaystyle }$ sigma(G) := left{ ho(G,H) : Hleq G ight}. ${\displaystyle }$ It was shown by Bardestani and Mallahi-Karai [{it J. Algebraic Combin.}, 42(1):111-128, 2015] that if $sigma(G)=1$, then $G$ is necessarily solvable. The natural question that arises is, therefore, which rational numbers larger than $1$ belong to $sigma(G)$, whenever $G$ is non-solvable. In this paper, we study the intersection spectrum of the linear group $operatorname{PSL}_2(q)$. It is shown that $2insigmaleft(operatorname{PSL}_2(q)ight)$, for any prime power $qequiv3pmod4$. Moreover, when $qequiv1pmod4$, it is proved that $ho(operatorname{PSL}_2(q),H)=1$, for any odd index subgroup $H$ (containing $mathbb{F}_q$) of the Borel subgroup (isomorphic to $mathbb{F}_{q}timesmathbb{Z}_{fracq-12}$) consisting of all upper triangular matrices.

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