Elements (functions) that are universal with respect to a minimal system

arXiv2306.11156MaRDI QIDQ6440792FDOQ6440792

Authors: Zhirayr Avetisyan, Martin Grigoryan, Michael Ruzhansky 

Publication date: 19 June 2023

Abstract: We call an element $U$ conditionally universal for a sequential convergence space $mathbfOmega$ with respect to a minimal system ${varph{i}_n}_{n=1}^{i}nfty$ in a continuously and densely embedded Banach space $mathcalXhookrightarrowmathbfOmega$ if the partial sums of its phase-modified Fourier series is dense in $mathbfOmega$. We will call the element $U$ almost universal if the change of phases (signs) needs to be performed only on a thin subset of Fourier coefficients. In this paper we prove the existence of an almost universal element under certain assumptions on the system ${varph{i}_n}_{n=1}^{i}nfty$. We will call a function $U$ asymptotically conditionally universal in a space $L^1(mathcalM)$ if the partial sums of its phase-modified Fourier series is dense in $L^1(F_m)$ for an ever-growing sequence of subsets $F_{m}subsetmathcalM$ with asymptotically null complement. Here we prove the existence of such functions $U$ under certain assumptions on the system ${varph{i}_n}_{n=1}^{i}nfty$. Moreover, we show that every integrable function can be slightly modified to yield such a function $U$. In particular, we establish the existence of almost universal functions for $L^p([0,1])$, $pin(0,1)$, and asymptotically conditionally universal functions for $L^1([0,1])$, with respect to the trigonometric system.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Convergence and divergence of series and sequences (40A05) Summability and bases; functional analytic aspects of frames in Banach and Hilbert spaces (46B15) Approximations and expansions (41A99)

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