Non-Hermitian band theory in all dimensions: uniform spectra and skin effect

arXiv2306.12022MaRDI QIDQ6440943FDOQ6440943

Publication date: 21 June 2023

Abstract: The non-Hermitian skin effect is an iconic phenomenon, characterized by the aggregation of eigenstates near the system boundaries in non-Hermitian systems. While extensively studied in one dimension, understanding the skin effect and extending the non-Bloch band theory to higher dimensions poses a formidable challenge, primarily due to infinite lattice geometries or open boundary conditions. This work adopts a point-gap perspective and presents a unified non-Hermitian band theory that governs skin effects across all spatial dimensions. We introduce the concept of uniform spectra and reveal that regardless of lattice geometry, their energy spectra are uniformly given by the uniform spectra, even though their manifestations of skin modes may differ. Building on the uniform spectra, we demonstrate how to account for the skin effect in generic lattice cuts and establish the connections of skin modes across different geometric shapes via momentum-basis transformations. Our findings highlight the pivotal roles played by point gaps, offering a unified understanding of the non-Hermitian skin effect in all dimensions.

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