Les repr\'esentations ell-adiques associ\'ees aux courbes elliptiques sur \Q_p

Abstract: This paper is devoted to the study of the

e l l

-adic representations of the absolute Galois group

G

of

{m a t h b b Q}_{p}

,

p g e q 5

, associated to an elliptic curve over

{m a t h b b Q}_{p}

, as

e l l

runs through the set of all prime numbers (including

e l l = p

, in which case we use the theory of potentially semi-stable

p

-adic representations). For each prime

e l l

, we give the complete list of isomorphism classes of

{m a t h b b Q}_{e l l} [G]

-modules coming from an elliptic curve over

{m a t h b b Q}_{p}

, that is, those which are isomorphic to the Tate module of an elliptic curve over

{m a t h b b Q}_{p}

. The

e l l = p

case is the more delicate. It requires studying the liftings of a given elliptic curve over

{m a t h b b F}_{p}

to an elliptic scheme over the ring of integers of a totally ramified finite extension of

{m a t h b b Q}_{p}

, and combining it with a descent theorem providing a Galois criterion for an elliptic curve having good reduction over a

p

-adic field to be defined over a closed subfield. This enables us to state necessary and sufficient conditions for an

e l l

-adic representation of

G

to come from an elliptic curve over

{m a t h b b Q}_{p}

, for each prime

e l l

.

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