Polar complex numbers in n dimensions

arXivmath/0008124MaRDI QIDQ6470568FDOQ6470568

Publication date: 16 August 2000

Abstract: Polar commutative n-complex numbers of the form u=x_0+h_1x_1+h_2x_2+...+h_{n-1}x_{n-1} are introduced in n dimensions, the variables x_0,...,x_{n-1} being real numbers. The polar n-complex number can be represented, in an even number of dimensions, by the modulus d, by the amplitude ho, by 2 polar angles heta_+, heta_-, by n/2-2 planar angles psi_{k-1}, and by n/2-1 azimuthal angles phi_k. In an odd number of dimensions, the polar n-complex number can be represented by d, ho, by 1 polar angle heta_+, by (n-3)/2 planar angles psi_{k-1}, and by (n-1)/2 azimuthal angles phi_k. The exponential function of a polar n-complex number can be expanded in terms of the polar n-dimensional cosexponential functions g_{nk}(y), k=0,1,...,n-1. Expressions are given for these cosexponential functions. The polar n-complex numbers can be written in exponential and trigonometric forms with the aid of the modulus, amplitude and the angular variables. The polar n-complex functions defined by series of powers are analytic, and the partial derivatives of the components of the polar n-complex functions are closely related. The integrals of polar n-complex functions are independent of path in regions where the functions are regular. The fact that the exponential form of a polar n-complex numbers depends on the cyclic variables phi_k leads to the concept of pole and residue for integrals on closed paths. The polynomials of polar n-complex variables can be written as products of linear or quadratic factors, although the factorization may not be unique.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Other functions defined by series and integrals (33E20) Functions of hypercomplex variables and generalized variables (30G35) Hyperfunctions, analytic functionals (46F15) Relations of PDEs on manifolds with hyperfunctions (58J15) Hyperfunctions (32A45)

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