The Operad Quad is Koszul

arXivmath/0411580MaRDI QIDQ6474751FDOQ6474751

Jon Eivind Vatne

Publication date: 25 November 2004

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to prove the koszulity of the operad $mathcalQuad$, governing quadri-algebras. That $mathcalQuad$ is Koszul was conjectured by Aguiar and Loday. The operad $mathcalDend$, governing dendriform algebras, is known to be Koszul, by work of Loday, and $mathcalQuad$ is its second black square power. We find a new complex, based on the associahedron, which captures the structure of $mathcalDend$. This complex behaves well with respect to the black squaring process, and allows us to conclude. Also, this proves koszulity of higher powers of $mathcalDend$.

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