Existence and Uniqueness of Orbital Measures

Abstract: We note an elementary proof of the existence and uniqueness of a solution

% m u i n m a t h b b P (X)

to the equation

m u = p m u_{0} + q h a t F m u

. Here

m a t h b b X

is a topological space,

m a t h b b P (X)

is the set of Borel measures of unit mass on

m a t h b b X

,

m u_{0} i n

m a t h b b P (X)

is given,

p > 0

, and

q g e q 0

with

p + q = 1

. The transformation

h a t F : % m a t h b b P (X) o P (X)

is defined by

h a t F u p s i l o n = s u m l i m i t s_{n = 1}^{N} p_{n} u p s i l o n c i r c f_{n}^{- 1}

where

f_{n} : m a t h b b % X o X

is continuous,

p_{n} > 0

for

n = 1, 2, ..., N

,

N

is a finite strictly positive integer, and

s u m l i m i t s_{n = 1}^{N} p_{n} = 1

. This problem occurs in connection with iterated function systems (IFS).

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