Theorems on residues obtained by the division of powers
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Publication:6477709
arXivmath/0608467MaRDI QIDQ6477709FDOQ6477709
Authors: Leonhard Euler 
Publication date: 18 August 2006
Abstract: This is an English translation of Euler's ``Theoremata circa residua ex divisione potestatum relicta, Novi Commentarii academiae scientiarum Petropolitanae 7 (1761), 49-82. E262 in the Enestrom index. Euler gives many elementary results on power residues modulo a prime number p. He shows that the order of a subgroup generated by an element a in F_p^* must divide the order p-1 of F_p^* (i.e. a special case of Lagrange's theorem for cyclic groups). Euler also gives a proof of Fermat's little theorem, that a^{p-1} = 1 mod p for a relatively prime to p (i.e. not 0 mod p). He remarks that this proof is more natural, as it uses multiplicative properties of F_p^* instead of the binomial expansion. Thanks to Jean-Marie Bois for pointing out some typos.
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