A magnetic model with a possible Chern-Simons phase

arXivquant-ph/0110060MaRDI QIDQ6501823FDOQ6501823

Authors: Michael Freedman 

Abstract: An elementary family of local Hamiltonians $H_{c,ell},ell=1,2,3,ldots$, is described for a $2-$dimensional quantum mechanical system of spin $=1/2$ particles. On the torus, the ground state space $G_{circ,ell}$ is $(log)$ extensively degenerate but should collapse under $l$perturbation" to an anyonic system with a complete mathematical description: the quantum double of the $SO(3)-$Chern-Simons modular functor at $q=e^{2pii/ell+2}$ which we call $DEell$. The Hamiltonian $H_{circ,ell}$ defines a underline{quantum} underline{loop}underline{gas}. We argue that for $ell=1$ and 2, $G_{circ,ell}$ is unstable and the collapse to $G_{epsilon,ell}congDEell$ can occur truly by perturbation. For $ellgeq3$, $G_{circ,ell}$ is stable and in this case finding $G_{epsilon,ell}congDEell$ must require either $epsilon>epsilo{n}_{e}ll>0$, help from finite system size, surface roughening (see section 3), or some other trick, hence the initial use of quotes $lquad$". A hypothetical phase diagram is included in the introduction.

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