New congruences involving harmonic numbers

arXiv1407.8465MaRDI QIDQ6503033FDOQ6503033

Authors: Zhi-Wei Sun 

Abstract: Let $p>3$ be a prime. For any $p$-adic integer $a$, we determine ${\displaystyle }$sum_{k=0}^{p-1}�inom{-a}k�inom{a-1}kH_k, sum_{k=0}^{p-1}�inom{-a}k�inom{a-1}kH_k^{(2)}, sum_{k=0}^{p-1}�inom{-a}k�inom{a-1}kfrac{H_k^{(2)}}{2k+1}${\displaystyle }$ modulo $p^2$, where $H_k=su{m}_{0<jlek}1/j$ and $H_k^{(2)}=su{m}_{0<jlek}1/j^2$. In particular, we show that �egin{gather*}sum_{k=0}^{p-1}�inom{-a}k�inom{a-1}kH_kequiv(-1)^{langle a angle_p}2left(B_{p-1}(a)-B_{p-1} ight)pmod p, \sum_{k=0}^{p-1}�inom{-a}k�inom{a-1}kH_k^{(2)}equiv -E_{p-3}(a)pmod p, \(2a-1)sum_{k=0}^{p-1}�inom{-a}k�inom{a-1}kfrac{H_k^{(2)}}{2k+1}equiv B_{p-2}(a)pmod p, end{gather*} where $langleaangl{e}_p$ stands for the least nonnegative integer $r$ with $aequivrpmodp$, and $B_n(x)$ and $E_n(x)$ denote the Bernoulli polynomial of degree $n$ and the Euler polynomial of degree $n$ respectively.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Factorials, binomial coefficients, combinatorial functions (05A10) Congruences; primitive roots; residue systems (11A07) Bernoulli and Euler numbers and polynomials (11B68) Other combinatorial number theory (11B75) Binomial coefficients; factorials; (q)-identities (11B65)

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