Multiple harmonic sums \mathcal{H}_{\lbrace s\rbrace^{2l}=1;p-1} modulo p⁴ and applications

Abstract: Wilson's theorem for the factorial got generalized to the moduli

p^{2}

in 1900 and

p^{3}

in 2000 by J.W.L. Glaisher and Z-H. Sun respectively. This paper which studies more generally the multiple harmonic sums

m a t h c a l H_{l b r a c e s b r a c e^{2 l} = 1; p - 1}, 2 l e q 2 l l e q p - 1

modulo

p^{4}

in association with the Stirling numbers

modulo

p^{4}

is concerned with establishing a generalization of Wilson, Glaisher and Sun's results to the modulus

p^{4}

. We also break p-residues of convolutions of three divided Bernoulli numbers of respective orders

p - 1

,

p - 3

and

p - 5

into smaller pieces and generalize some results of Sun for some of the generalized harmonic numbers of order

p - 1

modulo

p^{4}

.

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