Third-order affine-invariant (systems of) PDEs in two independent variables as vanishing of the Fubini-Pick invariant

Authors Dmitri Alekseevsky, Gianni Manno, Giovanni Moreno

Geometric theory, characteristics, transformations in context of PDEs (35A30) Symmetries, invariants, etc. in context of PDEs (35B06) Invariance and symmetry properties for PDEs on manifolds (58J70) Jets in global analysis (58A20)

Abstract: If one imposes that a

3^{m a t h r m r d}

order PDE

m a t h c a l E := F (x, y, u, u_{x}, d o t s, u_{x y y}, u_{y y y}) = 0

in two independent variables

x, y

and one unknown function

u

be invariant with respect to the group of affine transformation

m a t h r m A f f (3)

of

m a t h b b R^{3} = (x, y, u)

, then it turns out that there is (up to a nowhere zero factor) only one choice of

F

. In this paper we study more in depth the geometry behind the occurrence of such a PDE: after proving the relationship of

F

with the Fubini-Pick invariant, we derive

m a t h c a l E

by using a general method introduced in [D.V. Alekseevsky, J. Gutt, G. Manno, and G. Moreno: A general method to construct invariant {PDEs} on homogeneous manifolds. Communications in Contemporary Mathematics (2021)], which sheds light on some of its geometrical properties.

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