The Liouville theorem for a class of Fourier multipliers and its connection to coupling

arXiv2211.08929MaRDI QIDQ6507083FDOQ6507083

Authors: David Berger, R. L. Schilling, Eugene Shargorodsky 

Abstract: The classical Liouville property says that all bounded harmonic functions in $mathbb{R}^n$, i.e. all bounded functions satisfying $Deltaf=0$, are constant. In this paper we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions on the symbol of a Fourier multiplier operator $m(D)$, such that the solutions $f$ to $m(D)f=0$ are Lebesgue a.e. constant (if $f$ is bounded) or coincide Lebesgue a.e. with a polynomial (if $f$ grows like a polynomial). The class of Fourier multipliers includes the (in general non-local) generators of L'evy processes. For generators of L'evy processes we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for a strong Liouville theorem where $f$ is positive and grows at most exponentially fast. As an application of our results above we prove a coupling result for space-time L'evy processes.

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