Density of Rational Points Near Flat/Rough Hypersurfaces

arXiv2305.01047MaRDI QIDQ6509902FDOQ6509902

Abstract: For

n g e q 3

, let

m a t h s c r M s u b s e t e q m a t h b b R^{n}

be a compact hypersurface, parametrized by a homogeneous function of degree

d i n m a t h b b R_{> 1}

, with non-vanishing curvature away from the origin. Consider the number

m a t h r m N_{m a t h s c r M} (d e l t a, Q)

of rationals

m a t h b f a / q

, with denominator

q i n [Q, 2 Q)

and

m a t h b f a i n m a t h b b Z^{n - 1}

, lying at a distance at most

d e l t a / q

from

m a t h s c r M

. This manuscript provides essentially sharp estimates for

m a t h r m N_{m a t h s c r M} (d e l t a, Q)

throughout the range

d e l t a i n (Q^{v a r e p s i l o n - 1}, 1 / 2)

for

d > 1 + f r a c 1 2 n - 3

. Our result is a first of its kind for hypersurfaces with vanishing Gaussian curvature (

d > 2

) and those which are rough (meaning not even

C^{2}

at the origin which happens when

d < 2

). An interesting outcome of our investigation is the understanding of a `geometric' term

(d e l t a / Q)^{(n - 1) / d} Q^{n}

(stemming from a so-called Knapp cap), arising in addition to the usual probabilistic term

d e l t a Q^{n}

; the sum of these terms determines the size of

m a t h r m N_{m a t h s c r M} (d e l t a, Q)

for

d e l t a i n (Q^{v a r e p s i l o n - 1}, 1 / 2)

. Consequences of our result concern the metric theory of Diophantine approximation on `rough' hypersurfaces -- going beyond the recent break-through of Beresnevich and L. Yang. Further, we establish smooth extensions of Serre's dimension growth conjecture.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Metric theory (11J83) Diophantine inequalities (11D75) Harmonic analysis in several variables (42B99)

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