Medical Image Registration using optimal control of a linear hyperbolic transport equation with a DG discretization

arXiv2305.03020MaRDI QIDQ6509952FDOQ6509952

Author name not available (Why is that?), Johannes Haubner, Stephan Schmidt, Bastian Zapf

Abstract: Patient specific brain mesh generation from MRI can be a time consuming task and require manual corrections, e.g., for meshing the ventricular system or defining subdomains. To address this issue, we consider an image registration approach. The idea is to use the registration of an input magnetic resonance image (MRI) to a respective target in order to obtain a new mesh from a high-quality template mesh. To obtain the transformation, we solve an optimization problem that is constrained by a linear hyperbolic transport equation. We use a higher-order discontinuous Galerkin finite element method for discretization and show that, under a restrictive assumption, the numerical upwind scheme can be derived from the continuous weak formulation of the transport equation. We present a numerical implementation that builds on the established finite element packages FEniCS and dolfin-adjoint. To demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach, numerical results for the registration of an input to a target MRI of two distinct individuals are presented. Moreover, it is shown that the registration transforms a manually crafted input mesh into a new mesh for the target subject whilst preserving mesh quality. Challenges of the algorithm with the complex cortical folding structure are discussed.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Numerical optimization and variational techniques (65K10) Artificial intelligence (68T99) Weak solutions to PDEs (35D30) PDEs in connection with control and optimization (35Q93) Inverse problems for PDEs (35R30) Inverse problems in optimal control (49N45) Numerical aspects of computer graphics, image analysis, and computational geometry (65D18) Numerical methods for inverse problems for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M32) Mesh generation, refinement, and adaptive methods for the numerical solution of initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M50) First-order hyperbolic equations (35L02) Numerical methods based on necessary conditions (49M05) Transport equations (35Q49) PDE constrained optimization (numerical aspects) (49M41)

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