Moment inequalities for equilibrium measures in the plane

DOI10.4310/PAMQ.2011.V7.N1.A4MaRDI QIDQ652913zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Albert Baernstein II, R. S. Laugesen, Igor E. Pritsker

Publication date 5 January 2012

Published in Pure and Applied Mathematics Quarterly (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0702456

zbMATH Keywords

equilibrium measureGreen functionsmoment problems

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Zeros of polynomials, rational functions, and other analytic functions of one complex variable (e.g., zeros of functions with bounded Dirichlet integral) (30C15) Moment problems and interpolation problems in the complex plane (30E05) Potentials and capacity, harmonic measure, extremal length and related notions in two dimensions (31A15)

Abstract: The equilibrium measure of a compact plane set gives the steady state distribution of charges on the conductor. We show that certain moments of this equilibrium measure, when taken about the electrostatic centroid and depending only on the real coordinate, are extremal for an interval centered at the origin. This has consequences for means of zeros of polynomials, and for means of critical points of Green's functions. We also study moments depending on the distance from the centroid, such as the electrostatic moment of inertia.

Review text

Let \(K\subset \mathbb{C}\) be a compact set satisfying \(\mathrm{cap}(K)=1\) and \(\int_{K}zd\mu _{K}(z)=0\), where \(\mathrm{cap}(\cdot )\;\)denotes the logarithmic capacity and \(\mu _{K}\) the equilibrium measure of \(K\). One such compact set is the interval \(L=[-2,2]\). The main results of this paper concern the extremal role played by \(L\) for the quantity \(M_{\phi}(K)=\int_{K}\phi (\text{Re}z)d\mu _{K}(z)\), where \(\phi :\mathbb{R}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) is any convex function. Theorem 1. If \(K\subset \mathbb{R}\), then \(M_{\phi }(K)\geq M_{\phi }(L)\), and this inequality is strict if \(\mathrm{cap}(K\backslash L)>0\) and \(\phi \left| _{L}\right. \) is not linear. Theorem 2. If \(K\) is connected, then \(M_{\phi }(K)\leq M_{\phi }(L)\), and this inequality is strict if \(K\neq L\) and \(\phi \left| _{L}\right. \) is not linear. The proofs are potential-theoretic in nature. The authors describe some interesting applications (for example, to zeros of polynomials) and connections with existing open problems (for example, an old conjecture of Pommerenke).

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Cited in

(10)

• Area, width, and logarithmic capacity of convex sets.
• Reverse triangle inequalities for Riesz potentials and connections with polarization
• Sharp lower bounds for the Widom factors on the real line
• Reverse triangle inequalities for potentials
• Generalisations of Mergelyan's Inequality
• Inequalities for products of polynomials I
• On the behaviour of constants in some polynomial inequalities
• Asymptotic distribution and symmetric means of algebraic numbers
• Mahler measure of polynomial iterates
• Balls minimize moments of logarithmic and Newtonian equilibrium measures

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