Transitive sets in Euclidean Ramsey theory

DOI10.1016/J.JCTA.2011.09.005zbMATH Open1232.05224arXiv1012.1350OpenAlexW2026183660MaRDI QIDQ654894FDOQ654894

Authors: Imre Leader, Paul A. Russell, Mark Walters 

Publication date: 23 December 2011

Published in: Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: A finite set $X$ in some Euclidean space $R^n$ is called Ramsey if for any $k$ there is a $d$ such that whenever $R^d$ is $k$-coloured it contains a monochromatic set congruent to $X$. This notion was introduced by Erdos, Graham, Montgomery, Rothschild, Spencer and Straus, who asked if a set is Ramsey if and only if it is spherical, meaning that it lies on the surface of a sphere. This question (made into a conjecture by Graham) has dominated subsequent work in Euclidean Ramsey theory. In this paper we introduce a new conjecture regarding which sets are Ramsey; this is the first ever `rival' conjecture to the conjecture above. Calling a finite set transitive if its symmetry group acts transitively---in other words, if all points of the set look the same---our conjecture is that the Ramsey sets are precisely the transitive sets, together with their subsets. One appealing feature of this conjecture is that it reduces (in one direction) to a purely combinatorial statement. We give this statement as well as several other related conjectures. We also prove the first non-trivial cases of the statement. Curiously, it is far from obvious that our new conjecture is genuinely different from the old. We show that they are indeed different by proving that not every spherical set embeds in a transitive set. This result may be of independent interest.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1012.1350

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zbMATH Keywords

Ramsey theoryEuclidean Ramsey theorytransitive sets

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ramsey theory (05D10)

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Cited In (17)

• Exactly \(m\)-coloured complete infinite subgraphs
• Ramsey theory in the \(n\)-space with Chebyshev metric
• On a Frankl-Wilson theorem
• A Ramsey characterisation of eventually periodic words
• Transitive sets and cyclic quadrilaterals
• On a Frankl-Wilson theorem and its geometric corollaries
• Finite subtransitive sets
• All finite sets are Ramsey in the maximum norm
• Suborbits in Knaster's problem
• Max-norm Ramsey theory
• Two-Colorings of Normed Spaces without Long Monochromatic Unit Arithmetic Progressions
• Interview with David Conlon
• Transitive edge coloring of graphs and dimension of lattices
• Polychromatic Euclidean-Ramsey theorems
• Almost all sets of \(d+2\) points on the (\(d-1\))-sphere are not subtransitive
• Simplices and regular polygonal tori in Euclidean Ramsey theory
• A HALES–JEWETT TYPE PROPERTY OF FINITE SOLVABLE GROUPS

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