Symmetric periodic solutions of parabolic problems with discontinuous hysteresis

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Abstract: We consider the heat equation in a multidimensional domain with nonlocal hysteresis feedback control in a boundary condition. Thermostat is our prototype model. We construct all periodic solutions with exactly two switching on the period and study their stability. Coexistence of several periodic solutions with different stability properties is proved to be possible. A mechanism of appearance and disappearance of periodic solutions is investigated.


This paper studies the behavior of a heat equation in a bounded domain, when the heat flux through the domain's boundary is regulated according to temperature measurements in the domain, via a hysteresis operator. Thus, two thresholds \(\alpha,\beta\) are given, and heating is turned `on' when the temperature measurement in the domain crosses \(\alpha\) from above, and turned `off' when the temperature measurement crosses \(\beta\) from below. The main question of interest is the existence, multiplicity and stability of periodic solutions. In [the first author, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. 29, No. 3, 1041--1083 (2011; Zbl 1217.35013)] it was proved that, when the difference \(\beta-\alpha\) is sufficiently large, there exists a unique periodic solution. In this paper it is shown that when \(\beta-\alpha\) is small, unstable periodic solutions may appear. A systematic procedure for finding all periodic solutions with exactly two switchings is developed, based on a finite-dimensional reduction of the problem, and the bifurcation of periodic solutions is investigated in detail.



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