On positive harmonic functions in cones and cylinders

DOI10.4171/RMI/674MaRDI QIDQ664904zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Alano Ancona

Publication date 3 March 2012

Published in Revista Matemática Iberoamericana (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1003.6006

zbMATH Keywords

harmonic functionMartin boundary

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Martin boundary theory (31C35) Boundary theory for Markov processes (60J50)

Abstract: We first consider a question raised by Alexander Eremenko and show that if $Omega$ is an arbitrary connected open cone in ${mathbbR}^d$, then any two positive harmonic functions in $Omega$ that vanish on $partialOmega$ must be proportional -an already known fact when $Omega$ has a Lipschitz basis or more generally a John basis. It is also shown however that when $dgeq4$, there can be more than one Martin point at infinity for the cone though non-tangential convergence to the canonical Martin point at infinity always holds. In contrast, when $dleq3$, the Martin point at infinity is unique for every cone. These properties connected with the dimension are related to well-known results of M. Cranston and T. R. McConnell about the lifetime of conditioned Brownian motions in planar domains and also to subsequent results by R. Ba~nuelos and B. Davis. We also investigate the nature of the Martin points arising at infinity as well as the effects on the Martin boundary resulting from the existence of John cuts in the basis of the cone or from other regularity assumptions. The main results together with their proofs extend to cylinders ${mathcalC}_Y(Sigma)=mathbbRimesSigma$ -where $Sigma$ is a relatively compact region of a manifold $M$-, equipped with a suitable second order elliptic operator.

Review text

The author shows that given an arbitrary connected open cone in \(\mathbb{R}^d\), all positive harmonic functions on it that vanish on its boundary are proportional to each other. The result of this paper was already proved under more restrictive assumptions on \(\Omega\). The author also shows that in dimension \(\geq 4\), there can be more than one Martin point at infinity, even though non-tangential convergence to the canonical Martin point at infinity always holds. In contrast, in dimension \(\leq 3\), the Martin point at infinity is unique for every cone.

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