Abstract: The soft bootstrap is an on-shell method to constrain the landscape of effective field theories (EFTs) of massless particles via the consistency of the low-energy S-matrix. Given assumptions on the on-shell data (particle spectra, linear symmetries, and low-energy theorems), the soft bootstrap is an efficient algorithm for determining the possible consistency of an EFT with those properties. The implementation of the soft bootstrap uses the recently discovered method of soft subtracted recursion. We derive a precise criterion for the validity of these recursion relations and show that they fail exactly when the assumed symmetries can be trivially realized by independent operators in the effective action. We use this to show that the possible pure (real and complex) scalar, fermion, and vector exceptional EFTs are highly constrained. Next, we prove how the soft behavior of states in a supermultiplet must be related and illustrate the results in extended supergravity. We demonstrate the power of the soft bootstrap in two applications. First, for the N= 1 and N=2 CP^1 nonlinear sigma models, we show that on-shell constructibility establishes the emergence of accidental IR symmetries. This includes a new on-shell perspective on the interplay between N=2 supersymmetry, low-energy theorems, and electromagnetic duality. We also show that N=2 supersymmetry requires 3-point interactions with the photon that make the soft behavior of the scalar O(1) instead of vanishing, despite the underlying symmetric coset. Second, we study Galileon theories, including aspects of supersymmetrization, the possibility of a vector-scalar Galileon EFT, and the existence of higher-derivative corrections preserving the enhanced special Galileon symmetry. This is addressed by soft bootstrap and by application of double-copy/KLT relations applied to higher-derivative corrections of chiral perturbation theory.
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Cited in
(47)- New flavor-kinematics dualities and extensions of nonlinear sigma models
- Symmetry and unification from soft theorems and unitarity
- On-shell recursion relations for nonrelativistic effective field theories
- Multi-trace YMS amplitudes from soft behavior
- Fermionic shift symmetries in (anti) de Sitter space
- An algebraic classification of exceptional EFTs
- Massive on-shell supersymmetric scattering amplitudes
- Scattering of spinning black holes from exponentiated soft factors
- Shift-symmetric spin-1 theories
- Nonrelativistic effective field theories with enhanced symmetries and soft behavior
- Soft phonon theorems
- Supersymmetric massive gravity
- Exploring soft constraints on effective actions
- Algebraic branch points at all loop orders from positive kinematics and wall crossing
- Soft matters, or the recursions with massive spinors
- Soft scalars in effective field theory
- Poles at infinity in on-shell diagrams
- Taming higher-derivative interactions and bootstrapping gravity with soft theorems
- Quantum corrections to generic branes: DBI, NLSM, and more
- Soft bootstrap and effective field theories
- Special Galileon at one loop
- Matter couplings and equivalence principles for soft scalars
- The SAGEX review on scattering amplitudes Chapter 11: Soft Theorems and Celestial Amplitudes
- All-multiplicity one-loop amplitudes in Born-Infeld electrodynamics from generalized unitarity
- Higher-derivative relations between scalars and gluons
- Scattering amplitudes and the Cotton double copy
- The infrared structure of exceptional scalar theories
- Flavour-kinematics duality for Goldstone modes
- Non-linear non-renormalization theorems
- New \(G_2\)-conifolds in \(M\)-theory and their field theory interpretation
- Soft limits of the wavefunction in exceptional scalar theories
- Goldstone bosons on celestial sphere and conformal soft theorems
- Shift symmetries and AdS/CFT
- Electromagnetic duality and D3-brane scattering amplitudes beyond leading order
- On soft factors and transmutation operators
- On extended supersymmetry of 4d Galileons and 3-brane effective actions
- An algebraic classification of exceptional EFTs. II: Supersymmetry
- Color-kinematics duality, double copy and the unitarity method for higher-derivative QCD and quadratic gravity
- Soft-collinear supersymmetry
- Even-point multi-loop unitarity and its applications: exponentiation, anomalies and evanescence
- The ChPT: top-down and bottom-up
- Tree level amplitudes from soft theorems
- The special Galileon as Goldstone of diffeomorphisms
- Generalizations of the double-copy: the KLT bootstrap
- Geometric soft theorems
- The seeds of EFT double copy
- The duality between color and kinematics and its applications
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