Minimum number of additive tuples in groups of prime order

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Abstract: For a prime number p and a sequence of integers a0,dots,akin0,1,dots,p, let s(a0,dots,ak) be the minimum number of (k+1)-tuples (x0,dots,xk)inA0imesdotsimesAk with x0=x1+dots+xk, over subsets A0,dots,AksubseteqmathbbZp of sizes a0,dots,ak respectively. An elegant argument of Lev (independently rediscovered by Samotij and Sudakov) shows that there exists an extremal configuration with all sets Ai being intervals of appropriate length, and that the same conclusion also holds for the related problem, reposed by Bajnok, when a0=dots=ak=:a and A0=dots=Ak, provided k is not equal 1 modulo p. By applying basic Fourier analysis, we show for Bajnok's problem that if pge13 and ain3,dots,p3 are fixed while kequiv1pmodp tends to infinity, then the extremal configuration alternates between at least two affine non-equivalent sets.









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