Complemented subspaces of Banach spaces C (K L)
"Separably injective Banach spacesUnknownspaces of continuous functions This paper contains an important theorem\N\N\begin{theorem} Let \(K_1, K_2\) be compact spaces and \(G\) be a compact group such that both \(K_1\) and \(K_2\) map continuously onto \(G\). Then, \(C(K_1\times K_2)\) contains a complemented subspace isometric to \(C(G)\). \end{theorem}\N\NThere are several reasons why the result is important: its power, its flexibility and its many implications. Indeed, the result is impressive both as a general result on the structure of \(C(K)\) spaces and for its impact in the theory of separably injective spaces. Recall that a Banach space \(X\) is said to be \emph{separably injective} if every operator \(Y\to X\) from a subspace \(Y\) of a separable space \(Z\) can be extended to the whole \(Z\). It is clear that this is a relativization of the notion of injective space, with the remarkable advantage that a rich theory (and many natural examples) of separably injective spaces exists [A. Avil\'es, F. Cabello S\'anchez, J.M.F. Castillo, M. Gonz\'alez, Y. Moreno, \emph{Separable injective Banach spaces}, Lecture Notes in Mathematics 2132 (2016) Springer-Verlag.\medskip\N\NTo convince the reader this paper is a must read, just observe the following easy consequence of the theorem: if \(K_1, K_2\) are two non scattered compact spaces then \(C(K_1\times K_2)\) contains a complemented copy of \(C[0,1]\). This result can be considered an extended version of the celebrated Cembranos-Freniche theorem, which asserts that \(C(K_1\times K_2)\) contains a complemented copy of \(c_0\) for any infinite compact spaces \(K_1, K_2\).) Since \(C[0,1]\) is not separably injective, it follows that \(C(K_1\times K_2)\) cannot be separably injective when \(K_1\) and \(K_2\) are non scattered compact spaces. The best result so far had been obtained by Scholze (unpublished notes) and then by Clausen and Scholze [Condensed Mathematics and Complex Geometry, in Lecture Notes for the Course, Summer 2022, Univ. Bonn and Copenhagen]
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