Critical behavior of the Kramers escape rate in asymmetric classical field theories

DOI10.1023/B:JOSS.0000013968.89846.1CzbMATH Open1072.82542arXivcond-mat/0311263MaRDI QIDQ702941FDOQ702941

Authors: Daniel L. Stein 

Publication date: 19 January 2005

Published in: Journal of Statistical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We introduce an asymmetric classical Ginzburg-Landau model in a bounded interval, and study its dynamical behavior when perturbed by weak spatiotemporal noise. The Kramers escape rate from a locally stable state is computed as a function of the interval length. An asymptotically sharp second-order phase transition in activation behavior, with corresponding critical behavior of the rate prefactor, occurs at a critical length l_c, similar to what is observed in symmetric models. The weak-noise exit time asymptotics, to both leading and subdominant orders, are analyzed at all interval lengthscales. The divergence of the prefactor as the critical length is approached is discussed in terms of a crossover from non-Arrhenius to Arrhenius behavior as noise intensity decreases. More general models without symmetry are observed to display similar behavior, suggesting that the presence of a ``phase transition in escape behavior is a robust and widespread phenomenon.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0311263

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zbMATH Keywords

Fokker-Planck equationinstantonstochastic exit problemdroplet nucleationfalse vacuumfluctuation determinantnon-Arrhenius behaviorspatiotemporal noisestochastic escape problemstochastic Ginzburg-Landau modelsstochastically perturbed dynamical systems

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Stochastic methods (Fokker-Planck, Langevin, etc.) applied to problems in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C31)

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• Quantum equilibrium factor in the decay of a metastable state at low temperature
• Anomalous behavior of the Kramers rate at bifurcations in classical field theories
• Sharp tunneling estimates for a double-well model in infinite dimension
• Kramers escape rate in overdamped systems with the power-law distribution
• Kramers' escape rate problem within a non-Markovian description

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