Multiple nontrivial solutions for critical growth quasilinear elliptic systems

DOI10.1016/J.NA.2012.08.001MaRDI QIDQ714487zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 11 October 2012

Published in Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods \& Applications. Series A: Theory and Methods (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.na.2012.08.001

zbMATH Keywords

critical exponent multiple solutions quasilinear elliptic system variational method

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Critical exponents in context of PDEs (35B33) Variational methods for elliptic systems (35J50) Quasilinear elliptic equations with (p)-Laplacian (35J92)

Review text

The author considers the existence and multiplicity of nontrivial solutions to the following critical quasilinear elliptic system: \[ \begin{cases} -\Delta _p u_i = \frac{1}{p^*} D_{u_i} F({\mathbf u}) + \lambda _i | u_i | ^{q-2} u_i & \mathrm{in}\,\, \Omega , i=1,\dots ,k, \\ u_i=0 & \mathrm{on} \,\, \partial \Omega , i=1,\dots ,k, \end{cases}\tag{1} \] where \(\Omega \subset {{\mathbb R}}^N\, (N\geq 4)\) is a bounded domain with smooth boundary \(\partial \Omega \) such that \(0 \in \Omega \), \({\mathbf u}= (u_1,\dots ,u_k)\), \(\Delta _pu_i = \mathrm{div}\, (| \nabla u_i | ^{p-2} \nabla u_i)\) is the \(p\)-Laplacian operator, \(D_{u_i}F\) denotes the partial derivative of \(F\) with respect to \(u_i\), \(F:{\mathbb R}^k \to {\mathbb R}^+ \) is a \(C^1\) positively homogeneous function of degree \(p^*:=Np/(N-p)\), and \({\mathbf u} \in {\mathbb R}^k\), \(\lambda _i>0\,(1\leq i \leq k), 1<q<p<N\). Define \[ \Lambda _0= \left( \frac{p-q}{p^*-q}\right)^{p/(p^*-p)}\left( \frac{p^*-q}{p^*-p}| \Omega | ^{(p^*-q)/p^*}\right) ^{-p/(p-q)} S^{q/(p-q)}S_F^{N/p}>0 \] where \[ S=\inf _{u \in W^{1,p}_0(\Omega ) \setminus \{0\}}\frac{\int _{\Omega } | \nabla u | ^p d x}{\left(\int _{\Omega } | u | ^{p^*}dx \right)^{p/p^*}}, \] and \(S_F= S/M_F\) where \[ M_F= \max \left\{ (F({\mathbf u}))^{p/p^*}: {\mathbf u }=(u_1,\dots ,u_k)\in {\mathbb R}^k, \sum _{i=1}^k| u_i | ^p =1\right\}. \] Then the author obtains the following theorems. Theorem 1. Let \(F\in C^1({\mathbb R}^k, {\mathbb R}^+)\) be positively homogeneous of degree \(p^*\). If \(\lambda _i>0, 1\leq i \leq k\) satisfy \(0< \sum _{i=1}^k \lambda _i^{p/(p-q)}< \Lambda _0\), then problem (1) has at least one nontrivial solution in \(W^{1,p}_0(\Omega , {\mathbb R}^k)\). Theorem 2. Let \(F\in C^1({\mathbb R}^k, {\mathbb R}^+)\) be positively homogeneous of degree \(p^*\). There exsits \(\Lambda _1>0\) such that \(\lambda _i>0, 1\leq i \leq k\) and \(0< \sum _{i=1}^k \lambda _i^{p/(p-q)}< \Lambda _1\), then problem (1) has at least two nontrivial solutions in \(W^{1,p}_0(\Omega , {\mathbb R}^k)\). The proofs are based on the Nehari manifold and variational methods.

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