Concentration of points on two and three dimensional modular hyperbolas and applications

Abstract: Let

p

be a large prime number,

K, L, M, l a m b d a

be integers with

1 l e M l e p

and

c o l o r r e d g c d (l a m b d a, p) = 1.

The aim of our paper is to obtain sharp upper bound estimates for the number

I_{2} (M; K, L)

of solutions of the congruence

xyequivlambda pmod p, qquad K+1le xle K+M,quad L+1le yle L+M

and for the number

I_{3} (M; L)

of solutions of the congruence

xyzequivlambdapmod p, quad L+1le x,y,zle L+M.

We obtain a bound for

I_{2} (M; K, L),

which improves several recent results of Chan and Shparlinski. For instance, we prove that if

M < p^{1 / 4},

then

I_{2} (M; K, L) l e M^{o (1)} .

For

I_{3} (M; L)

we prove that if

M < p^{1 / 8}

then

I_{3} (M; L) l e M^{o (1)} .

Our results have applications to some other problems as well. For instance, it follows that if

m a t h c a l I_{1}, m a t h c a l I_{2}, m a t h c a l I_{3}

are intervals in

F_{p}^{*}

of length

| m a t h c a l I_{i} | < p^{1 / 8},

then

|mathcal{I}_1cdot mathcal{I}_2cdot mathcal{I}_3|= (|mathcal{I}_1|cdot |mathcal{I}_2|cdot |mathcal{I}_3|)^{1-o(1)}.

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