Sturm 3-ball global attractors. 1: Thom-Smale complexes and meanders

DOI10.1007/S40863-017-0082-8MaRDI QIDQ723336zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors B. Fiedler, C. Rocha

Publication date 31 July 2018

Published in São Paulo Journal of Mathematical Sciences (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.02003

zbMATH Keywords

Hamiltonian pathparabolic partial differential equationbipolar graphnodal propertyregular cell complex

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quasilinear parabolic equations (35K59) Attractors (35B41) Initial-boundary value problems for second-order parabolic equations (35K20) Index theory for dynamical systems, Morse-Conley indices (37B30) Attractors and repellers of smooth dynamical systems and their topological structure (37C70)

Abstract: This is the first of three papers on the geometric and combinatorial characterization of global Sturm attractors which consist of a single closed 3-ball. The underlying scalar PDE is parabolic, ${\displaystyle }$ u_t = u_{xx} + f(x,u,u_x),, ${\displaystyle }$ on the unit interval $0<x<1$ with Neumann boundary conditions. Equilibria are assumed to be hyperbolic. Geometrically, we study the resulting Thom-Smale dynamic complex with cells defined by the unstable manifolds of the equilibria. The Thom-Smale complex turns out to be a regular cell complex. Our geometric description involves a bipolar orientation of the 1-skeleton, a hemisphere decomposition of the boundary 2-sphere by two polar meridians, and a meridian overlap of certain 2-cell faces in opposite hemispheres. The combinatorial description is in terms of the Sturm permutation, alias the meander properties of the shooting curve for the equilibrium ODE boundary value problem. It involves the relative positioning of extreme 2-dimensionally unstable equilibria at the Neumann boundaries $x=0$ and $x=1$, respectively, and the overlapping reach of polar serpents in the shooting meander. In the present paper we show the implications ${\displaystyle }$ ext{Sturm attractor}quad Longrightarrow quad ext{Thom-Smale complex} quad Longrightarrow quad ext{meander},.${\displaystyle }$ The sequel, part 2, closes the cycle of equivalences by the implication ${\displaystyle }$ ext{meander} quad Longrightarrow quad ext{Sturm attractor},.${\displaystyle }$ Many explicit examples will be discussed in part 3. The present 3-ball trilogy extends our previous trilogy on planar Sturm global attractors towards the still elusive goal of geometric and combinational characterizations of all Sturm global attractors of arbitrary dimension.

Recommendations

• Sturm 3-ball global attractors 2: design of Thom-Smale complexes
• Sturm 3-ball global attractors 3: examples of Thom-Smale complexes
• Boundary orders and geometry of the signed Thom-Smale complex for Sturm global attractors
• Nonlinear Sturm global attractors: unstable manifold decompositions as regular CW-complexes
• A permutation characterization of Sturm global attractors of Hamiltonian type

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Cited in

(8)

• Boundary orders and geometry of the signed Thom-Smale complex for Sturm global attractors
• Connectivity and design of planar global attractors of Sturm type. III: Small and platonic examples
• Sturm 3-ball global attractors 3: examples of Thom-Smale complexes
• Meanders, zero numbers and the cell structure of Sturm global attractors
• Nonlinear Sturm global attractors: unstable manifold decompositions as regular CW-complexes
• Sturm 3-ball global attractors 2: design of Thom-Smale complexes
• Design of Sturm global attractors 2: time-reversible Chafee-Infante lattices of 3-nose meanders
• Sturm attractors for fully nonlinear parabolic equations

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