Some aspects of (r,k)-parking functions

Abstract: An emph{

(r, k)

-parking function} of length

n

may be defined as a sequence

(a_{1}, d o t s, a_{n})

of positive integers whose increasing rearrangement

b_{1} l e q c d o t s l e q b_{n}

satisfies

b_{i} l e q k + (i - 1) r

. The case

r = k = 1

corresponds to ordinary parking functions. We develop numerous properties of

(r, k)

-parking functions. In particular, if

F_{n}^{(r, k)}

denotes the Frobenius characteristic of the action of the symmetric group

m a t h f r a k S_{n}

on the set of all

(r, k)

-parking functions of length

n

, then we find a combinatorial interpretation of the coefficients of the power series

l e f t (s u m_{n g e q 0} F_{n}^{(r, 1)} t^{n} i g h t)^{k}

for any

k i n m a t h b b Z

. When

k > 0

, this power series is just

s u m_{n g e q 0} F_{n}^{(r, k)} t^{n}

; when

k < 0

, we obtain a dual to

(r, k)

-parking functions. We also give a

q

-analogue of this result. For fixed

r

, we can use the symmetric functions

F_{n}^{(r, 1)}

to define a multiplicative basis for the ring

L a m b d a

of symmetric functions. We investigate some of the properties of this basis.

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