Relaxation to equilibrium of generalized east processes on Z^d: renormalization group analysis and energy-entropy competition

DOI10.1214/15-AOP1011zbMATH Open1343.60135arXiv1404.7257MaRDI QIDQ726795FDOQ726795

Fabio Martinelli, Alessandra Faggionato, P. Chleboun

Publication date: 14 July 2016

Published in: The Annals of Probability (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider a class of kinetically constrained interacting particle systems on ${mathbbZ}^d$ which play a key role in several heuristic qualitative and quantitative approaches to describe the complex behavior of glassy dynamics. With rate one and independently among the vertices of ${mathbbZ}^d$, to each occupation variable $et{a}_{x}in0,1$ a new value is proposed by tossing a $(1-q)$-coin. If a certain local constraint is satisfied by the current configuration the proposed move is accepted, otherwise it is rejected. For $d=1$, the constraint requires that there is a vacancy at the vertex to the left of the updating vertex. In this case, the process is the well-known East process. On ${mathbbZ}^2$, the West or the South neighbor of the updating vertex must contain a vacancy, similarly, in higher dimensions. Despite of their apparent simplicity, in the limit $qsearrow0$ of low vacancy density, corresponding to a low temperature physical setting, these processes feature a rather complicated dynamic behavior with hierarchical relaxation time scales, heterogeneity and universality. Using renormalization group ideas, we first show that the relaxation time on ${mathbbZ}^d$ scales as the $1/d$-root of the relaxation time of the East process, confirming indications coming from massive numerical simulations. Next, we compute the relaxation time in finite boxes by carefully analyzing the subtle energy-entropy competition, using a multiscale analysis, capacity methods and an algorithmic construction. Our results establish dynamic heterogeneity and a dramatic dependence on the boundary conditions. Finally, we prove a rather strong anisotropy property of these processes: the creation of a new vacancy at a vertex $x$ out of an isolated one at the origin (a seed) may occur on (logarithmically) different time scales which heavily depend not only on the $el{l}_1$-norm of $x$ but also on its direction.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1404.7257

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zbMATH Keywords

renormalization groupinteracting particle systemsrelaxation timespectral gapglassy dynamicseast processes

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Interacting random processes; statistical mechanics type models; percolation theory (60K35) Dynamic lattice systems (kinetic Ising, etc.) and systems on graphs in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C20)

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Cited In (13)

• Kinetically constrained models out of equilibrium
• On a front evolution problem for the multidimensional East model
• Towards a universality picture for the relaxation to equilibrium of kinetically constrained models
• Exact asymptotics for Duarte and supercritical rooted kinetically constrained models
• Mixing of the square plaquette model on a critical length scale
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