Mesh adaptation on the sphere using optimal transport and the numerical solution of a Monge-Ampère type equation
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Abstract: An equation of Monge-Amp`ere type has, for the first time, been solved numerically on the surface of the sphere in order to generate optimally transported (OT) meshes, equidistributed with respect to a monitor function. Optimal transport generates meshes that keep the same connectivity as the original mesh, making them suitable for r-adaptive simulations, in which the equations of motion can be solved in a moving frame of reference in order to avoid mapping the solution between old and new meshes and to avoid load balancing problems on parallel computers. The semi-implicit solution of the Monge-Amp`ere type equation involves a new linearisation of the Hessian term, and exponential maps are used to map from old to new meshes on the sphere. The determinant of the Hessian is evaluated as the change in volume between old and new mesh cells, rather than using numerical approximations to the gradients. OT meshes are generated to compare with centroidal Voronoi tesselations on the sphere and are found to have advantages and disadvantages; OT equidistribution is more accurate, the number of iterations to convergence is independent of the mesh size, face skewness is reduced and the connectivity does not change. However anisotropy is higher and the OT meshes are non-orthogonal. It is shown that optimal transport on the sphere leads to meshes that do not tangle. However, tangling can be introduced by numerical errors in calculating the gradient of the mesh potential. Methods for alleviating this problem are explored. Finally, OT meshes are generated using observed precipitation as a monitor function, in order to demonstrate the potential power of the technique.
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Cited in
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- A surface moving mesh method based on equidistribution and alignment
- Mesh optimization for singular axisymmetric harmonic maps from the disc into the sphere
- The scaling and skewness of optimally transported meshes on the sphere
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- The geometry of r-adaptive meshes generated using optimal transport methods
- A fast dynamic smooth adaptive meshing scheme with applications to compressible flow
- Adaptive mesh methods on compact manifolds via optimal transport and optimal information transport
- An adaptive conservative moving mesh method
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