A new polar decomposition in a scalar product space

DOI10.1016/J.LAA.2016.11.029MaRDI QIDQ730619zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Xuefang Sui, Paolo Gondolo

Publication date 28 December 2016

Published in Linear Algebra and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1610.09740

zbMATH Keywords

polar decompositionscalar productsign function

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Factorization of matrices (15A23) Quadratic and bilinear forms, inner products (15A63) Linear operators on spaces with an indefinite metric (47B50)

Abstract: There are various definitions of right and left polar decompositions of an $mimesn$ matrix $Finmathbb{K}^{mimesn}$ (where $mathbbK=mathbbC$ or $mathbbR$) with respect to bilinear or sesquilinear products defined by nonsingular matrices $Minmathbb{K}^{mimesm}$ and $Ninmathbb{K}^{nimesn}$. The existence and uniqueness of such decompositions under various assumptions on $F$, $M$, and $N$ have been studied. Here we introduce a new form of right and left polar decompositions, $F=WS$ and $F=S^{\prime }{W}^{\prime }$, respectively, where the matrix $W$ has orthonormal columns ($W^{\prime }$ has orthonormal rows) with respect to suitably defined scalar products which are functions of $M$, $N$, and $F$, and the matrix $S$ is selfadjoint with respect to the same suitably defined scalar products and has eigenvalues only in the open right half-plane. We show that our right and left decompositions exist and are unique for any nonsingular matrices $M$ and $N$ when the matrix $F$ satisfies $(F^{[M,N]}{)}^{[N,M]}=F$ and $F^{[M,N]}F$ ($F{F}^{[M,N]}$, respectively) is nonsingular, where $$ with $$ for real or complex bilinear forms and $$ for sesquilinear forms. When $M=N$, our results apply to nonsingular square matrices $F$. Our assumptions on $F$, $M$, and $N$ are in some respects weaker and in some respects stronger than those of previous work on polar decompositions.

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Cited in

(4)

• The polar-like decomposition and its applications
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• Factorizations into normal matrices in indefinite inner product spaces
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