Poincaré's theorem for the modular group of real Riemann surfaces

Abstract: Let

M o d_{g}

be the modular group of surfaces of genus

g

. Each element

[h] i n M o d_{g}

induces in the integer homology of a surface of genus

g

a symplectic automorphism

H ([h])

and Poincar'{e} shown that

H : M o d_{g} o S p (2 g, m a t h b b Z)

is an epimorphism. The theory of real algebraic curves justify the definition of real Riemann surface as a Riemann surface

S

with an anticonformal involution

s i g m a

. Let

(S, s i g m a)

be a real Riemann surface, the subgroup

M o d_{g}^{s i g m a}

of

M o d_{g}

that consists of the elements

[h] i n M o d_{g}

that have a representant

h

such that

h c i r c s i g m a = s i g m a c i r c h

, plays the r^{o}le of the modular group in the theory of real Riemann surfaces. In this work we describe the image by

H

of

M o d_{g}^{s i g m a}

. Such image depends on the topological type of the involution

s i g m a

.

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