On classical ideal gases

DOI10.3390/E15030960zbMATH Open1305.82010arXiv1108.3744OpenAlexW3099351999MaRDI QIDQ742674FDOQ742674

Authors: Jacques Arnaud, Laurent Chusseau, Fabrice Philippe 

Publication date: 19 September 2014

Published in: Entropy (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The ideal gas laws are derived from the democritian concept of corpuscles moving in vacuum plus a principle of simplicity, namely that these laws are independent of the laws of motion aside from the law of energy conservation. A single corpuscle in contact with a heat bath and submitted to a $z$ and $t$-invariant force $-w$ is considered, in which case corpuscle distinguishability is irrelevant. The non-relativistic approximation is made only in examples. Some of the end results are known but the method appears to be novel. The mathematics being elementary the present paper should facilitate the understanding of the ideal-gas law and more generally of classical thermodynamics. It supplements importantly a previously published paper: The stability of ideal gases is proven from the expressions obtained for the force exerted by the corpuscle on the two end pistons of a cylinder, and the internal energy. We evaluate the entropy increase that occurs when the wall separating two cylinders is removed and show that the entropy remains the same when the separation is restored. The entropy increment may be defined at the ratio of heat entering into the system and temperature when the number of corpuscles (0 or 1) is fixed. In general the entropy is defined as the average value of $ln(p)$ where $p$ denotes the probability of a given state. Generalization to $z$-dependent weights, or equivalently to arbitrary static potentials, is made.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1108.3744

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zbMATH Keywords

canonical single-corpuscle thermodynamicsclassical gas theorycorpuscular conceptsideal gas lawDemocritus physicsrelativistic gases submitted to gravity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Statistical mechanics of gases (82D05) Foundations of equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B03)

Cites Work

• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Classical relativistic ideal gas in thermodynamic equilibrium in a uniformly accelerated reference frame
• Thermodynamics of quantum ultra-cold neutron gas under gravity of the Earth

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• The mere concept of an ideal gas
• The weight of air
• Some features of the thermodynamics of nonlinear classical systems
• Mathematical foundations of thermodynamics of ideal gas
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