The Zagier modification of Bernoulli numbers and a polynomial extension. I

DOI10.1007/S11139-013-9484-0MaRDI QIDQ744841zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Atul Dixit, Victor H. Moll, Christophe Vignat

Publication date 26 September 2014

Published in The Ramanujan Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1209.4110

zbMATH Keywords

Chebyshev polynomialsgenerating functionsBernoulli polynomialsumbral calculusEuler polynomialsWZ-methodperiodic sequences

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Exact enumeration problems, generating functions (05A15) Umbral calculus (05A40) Bernoulli and Euler numbers and polynomials (11B68) Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45)

Abstract: The modified B_{n}^{*} = sum_{r=0}^{n} �inom{n+r}{2r} frac{B_{r}}{n+r}, quad n > 0 introduced by D. Zagier in 1998 are extended to the polynomial case by replacing $B_r$ by the Bernoulli polynomials $B_r(x)$. Properties of these new polynomials are established using the umbral method as well as classical techniques. The values of $x$ that yield periodic subsequences $B_{2n+1}^{\ast }(x)$ are classified. The strange 6-periodicity of $B_{2n+1}^{\ast }$, established by Zagier, is explained by exhibiting a decomposition of this sequence as the sum of two parts with periods 2 and 3, respectively. Similar results for modifications of Euler numbers are stated.

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Cited in

(8)

• Orthogonal polynomials and connection to generalized Motzkin numbers for higher-order Euler polynomials
• Loop decompositions of random walks and nontrivial identities of Bernoulli and Euler polynomials
• Asymptotics and exact formulas for Zagier polynomials
• Analytic continuation for multiple zeta values using symbolic representations
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1553619 (Why is no real title available?)
• The Zagier polynomials. II: Arithmetic properties of coefficients
• The finite Fourier transform of classical polynomials
• Modified Nörlund polynomials

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