A framework of constraint preserving update schemes for optimization on Stiefel manifold

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Abstract: This paper considers optimization problems on the Stiefel manifold XmathsfTX=Ip, where XinmathbbRnimesp is the variable and Ip is the p-by-p identity matrix. A framework of constraint preserving update schemes is proposed by decomposing each feasible point into the range space of X and the null space of XmathsfT. While this general framework can unify many existing schemes, a new update scheme with low complexity cost is also discovered. Then we study a feasible Barzilai-Borwein-like method under the new update scheme. The global convergence of the method is established with an adaptive nonmonotone line search. The numerical tests on the nearest low-rank correlation matrix problem, the Kohn-Sham total energy minimization and a specific problem from statistics demonstrate the efficiency of the new method. In particular, the new method performs remarkably well for the nearest low-rank correlation matrix problem in terms of speed and solution quality and is considerably competitive with the widely used SCF iteration for the Kohn-Sham total energy minimization.



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